The Present Perfect Tense: Regular Verbs

Grammar - The Present Perfect Tense

For I, You, We and They, we use have and the past participle (V3).

For He, She and It, we use has and the past participle (V3).

For regular verbs we usually add -ed to the infinitive to form the past participle (V3).

• SUBJECT + HAVE + V3 (PAST PARTICIPLE)
• Regular Verbs: V3 = INFINITIVE-ed
• play → played
• HAVE → have/has
• I/You /We/They + have + V3
• I have climbed a mountain before.
• He/She/It + has + V3
• She has played chess before.

Grammar - Infinitives Ending in "-e"

We add -d to infinitives ending in -e.

• INFINITIVE → INFINITIVE-d
• bake → baked
• She has baked a cake before.

Grammar - Infinitives Ending in CONSONANT-y

We change -y to -ied for words ending in consonant-y.

• CONSONANT = b/c/d/f/...
• INFINITIVE → INFINITIVE (- y) + -ied
• study → studied
• They have studied it before.

Grammar - Infinitives Ending in VOWEL-y

• VOWEL = a/e/i/o/u
• INFINITIVE → INFINITIVE-ed:
• play → plaied ✘
• play → played ✔
• enjoy → enjoied ✘
• enjoy → enjoyed ✔